BARRIERS TO GIRLS' EDUCATION IN PAKISTAN

Pakistan is counted among the protesting countries. The new government, elected in July 2018, said in its manifesto that about 22.5 million children lack basic education. Girls are particularly affected. 32% of primary-school-age girls do not go to school while 21% of boys of the same age do not go to school. By sixth grade, 59% of girls were out of school. In contrast, 49% of boys do not go to school. Only 13% of girls in the ninth grade go to school. The number of men and women going to school is unacceptable. But the girls were badly affected.

Political instability, security forces exerting disproportionate pressure on the government, undue pressure on the media and school community, violent insurgencies, and growing ethnic and religious tensions have had a toxic effect on Pakistani social ideology. This power draws attention to the detriment of girls to basic government functions, especially education. The number of out-of-school children is high and gender discrimination is prominent in education across the country, but in some areas, the situation is worse. In 2014-15, 81% of women did not complete primary education while 52% of boys did not complete this education. 75% of women can never go to school compared to 40% of men. According to these statistics, the education rate in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is high. But despite this, gender discrimination persists. In Sindh and Balochistan, the education rate is high and the gender gap is 14 to 21 percent.

In all regions, generation after generation, especially girls, have lost their education and are living in poverty. In this report's interview, the girls repeatedly expressed their desire for education and their dreams were shattered due to lack of education. Lack of access to education for girls in Pakistan's gender inequality. This country has one of the highest maternal mortality rates in Asia. Violence against women and girls includes adultery, rape, honor killings, acid attacks, domestic violence, forced marriage, and child marriage. This is a serious problem and the official response is insufficient. Pakistani workers estimate that about 1,000 deaths occur in the name of honor each year. 21% of underage girls are married.

In response to the government's failure to meet its responsibilities, the education system has undergone significant changes. Because the government has failed to provide an adequate quality education through government schools. It also fails to provide free and compulsory education to children. As a result, many new private schools. There are no quality standards. The market for cheap private schools has grown because most of the poor do not have access to public schools. In many areas, cheap private schools are the only source of education for poor families. The only alternative to fill this gap is the less educated, the less paid, the only alternative. Where there is no proper supervision and no guarantee of good quality. Second, there has been a significant increase in the provision of religious education. In addition to regular madrassas, there are informal schools where children read the Koran in neighboring homes. Religious schools are often the only source of education for poor families, but they are not suitable alternatives because they do not teach non-religious subjects.

The governmental structure in Pakistan is extraordinarily autonomous. This means that many education policy decisions are made at the provincial level. As a result, each province has a different timeline, a different approach to improving girls' access to education in different ways, and this makes a big difference from one province to another, including policy matters. Do children have to pay tuition fees in government schools or what is the salary of teachers? However, there is a gender gap in each province. The rate of out-of-school boys and girls is also very high. There are obvious weaknesses in the government's approach to education.

BARRIERS TO GIRLS' EDUCATION IN THE SCHOOL SYSTEM

There are many barriers to girls' education in the education system. The government of Pakistan has not yet developed a proper education system to meet the needs of the country's children, especially girls. Switching responsibility for education in private schools and religious schools is considered a solution, but the government does not shirk its responsibility to provide adequate education to all.

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@eslinpk